OWASP Periodic Table of Vulnerabilities - Improper Output Handling

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Root Cause Summary
The root cause of improper output handling is an application passing along data and not interrogated consistently through mechanisms such as filtering or sanitization. Improper output handling can occur while passing data to applications or between tiers within an application architecture. Not validating output data may allow an application to pass along improper output encoding or escaping, invalid data, incorrect data, or malicious content to the consumer.

Browser / Standards Solution
None

Perimeter Solution
None

Generic Framework Solution
Provide context-sensitive encoders for all common data types in all output contexts, ensuring no custom code can write directly to output.

Custom Framework Solution
Provide context-sensitive encoders for all custom data types in all output contexts, ensuring no custom code can write directly to output.

Custom Code Solution
None

Discussion / Controversy
None